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Center for Nonlinear Studies |
We model the behavior of N classical impurity fields immersed in a larger Bose-Einstein condensate by N+1 coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equations in 1, 2, and 3 dimensions. We discuss the stability of the uniform miscible system and show that surface tension is important for self localization of the impurity fields. We derive the behavior of the attractive tail of impurity-impurity interaction due to mediation by the underlying condensate. Assuming all the impurities interact with the same strength, we explore numerically the phase diagram which contains four phases, namely i) where all fields are miscible; ii) where the impurity fields are miscible with each other but phase separate from the condensate as a single bubble; iii) where the impurity fields phase separate from the condensate and form a crystalline structure within a bubble; and iv) where localized impurity fields stay miscible within the condensate. Finally, we argue that the crystalline states respond as a superfluid, i.e. have a nonclassical rotational inertia.
Host: Razvan Teodorescu